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Governance Fundamentals

Core concepts and principles for AI agent governance in financial services.


Framework Overview

The FSI Agent Governance Framework provides complete guidance for deploying, governing, and managing Microsoft 365 agents (Copilot Studio, Agent Builder, and related AI services) in regulated financial services environments.

Version: 1.2.51 (February 2026) Target Audience: US Financial Services Organizations Regulatory Focus: FINRA, SEC, SOX, GLBA, OCC, Federal Reserve, FDIC, NCUA, CFTC

Warning

This framework is provided for informational purposes only and does not constitute legal, regulatory, or compliance advice. See Disclaimer for full details.


Scope and Assumptions

What This Framework Covers

This framework provides governance guidance for:

  • Copilot Studio agents
  • Agent Builder agents
  • Power Platform environments hosting agents
  • SharePoint as a knowledge source for agents

Agent Types In Scope

Agent Type In Scope? Governance Location
Copilot Studio custom agents Primary focus Power Platform Admin Center
Agent Builder agents (M365) Primary focus M365 Admin Center + PPAC
Microsoft-built agents (Researcher, Analyst, Facilitator) Partial M365 Admin Center (limited controls)
Third-party/partner agents Varies by integration M365 Admin Center
Agent 365 control plane Future (Frontier preview) M365 Admin Center

Microsoft Agent 365

Microsoft Agent 365 is a new centralized control plane for agent governance announced at Ignite 2025, currently in Frontier preview. It provides centralized agent registry, Entra Agent ID, lifecycle management, and observability dashboards. This framework will incorporate Agent 365 capabilities as they reach general availability.

Entra Agent ID (Public Preview)

Entra Agent ID provides first-class agent identities in Microsoft Entra, enabling Conditional Access, Identity Protection, and lifecycle management for AI agents. Currently in Public Preview since November 2025. See Agent Identity Architecture for implementation guidance and FSI readiness assessment.

Microsoft-Built Agent Applicability

Microsoft-built agents (Researcher, Analyst, Facilitator) have limited governance options. Control applicability:

Control Category Applicability Notes
1.2 Agent Registry Partial Visible in M365 Admin Center only
1.5 DLP/Sensitivity Labels Full Tenant-wide policies apply
1.7 Audit Logging Full Logged via OfficeActivity
2.1 Managed Environments N/A Not in Power Platform
2.3 Change Management N/A Managed by Microsoft
3.1 Agent Inventory Full Visible in M365 Admin Center
3.2 Usage Analytics Full Copilot usage reports
4.1-4.7 SharePoint Full Grounding data governance applies

Zone Classification: Based on data access - Zone 1 (personal M365), Zone 2 (team sites), Zone 3 (regulated content).

Limited Customization

Microsoft-built agents cannot be configured. Governance focuses on data access control, usage monitoring, and output supervision.

What This Framework Does NOT Cover

  • Non-US regulations (EU AI Act, GDPR, DORA, MiFID II are out of scope)
  • Non-Microsoft AI platforms (OpenAI direct, AWS Bedrock, Google Vertex AI, etc.)
  • Custom ML model development, training, or validation
  • Quantitative model risk management (requires dedicated MRM programs)
  • State privacy laws (CCPA/CPRA require separate analysis)
  • Third-party AI integrations outside Microsoft 365 ecosystem

Key Assumptions

Assumption Rationale
Microsoft 365 E3/E5 Required for Copilot Studio, Purview, and advanced governance features
Microsoft Entra ID Identity and access management foundation
Microsoft Purview Compliance and data governance capabilities
Power Platform licensing Required for environment management and DLP policies
Foundational IT controls Network security, endpoint protection, backup/recovery assumed in place

Four Governance Pillars

The framework organizes 71 controls across four pillars:

Pillar Controls Focus Examples
1. Security 28 Protect data and systems DLP, Audit, Encryption, MFA, eDiscovery, Network Isolation, Information Barriers
2. Management 24 Govern lifecycle and risk Change Control, Testing, Model Risk, Multi-Agent Orchestration, HITL Framework
3. Reporting 12 Monitor and track Inventory, Usage, PPAC, Sentinel, Hallucination Feedback
4. SharePoint 7 SharePoint-specific controls Access, Retention, External Sharing, Grounding Scope, Copilot Data Governance

Note: Pillar 4 specializes Pillars 1-3 for SharePoint as an agent knowledge source. Controls address SharePoint-specific implementation of data protection, access governance, and content management.


Three Governance Zones

Agents are classified into zones based on risk level:

Zone Risk Level Data Access Approval Audit Retention
Zone 1: Personal Low M365 Graph only Self-service 30 days
Zone 2: Team Medium Internal data Manager approval 1 year
Zone 3: Enterprise High Regulated data Governance Committee 10 years

See Zones and Tiers for detailed zone definitions and selection criteria.


Governance Triangle

Effective agent governance operates through three interconnected layers:

Policy Layer (Technical Controls)

Automated guardrails that enforce governance without manual intervention:

Component Purpose Implementation
Environment Groups Consistent policy across environments PPAC environment groups
Group Rules Connector, sharing, channel controls Environment group rules
DLP Policies Data boundary enforcement Data policies
Environment Routing Automatic maker placement Default environment routing

Process Layer (Operational Workflows)

How governance decisions are made and executed:

  • Agent Lifecycle Management — Creation, testing, deployment, monitoring, retirement
  • Approval Workflows — Zone-appropriate authorization paths
  • Change Control — Controlled promotion between environments
  • Incident Response — Detection, investigation, remediation procedures
  • Compliance Reviews — Scheduled verification of control effectiveness

People Layer (Organizational Structure)

Accountability and human oversight:

Role Governance Function Zone Focus
AI Governance Lead Framework ownership, policy decisions All zones
Power Platform Admin Technical implementation, environment management Zones 2-3
Compliance Officer Regulatory alignment, audit coordination Zones 2-3
Business Owner Agent sponsorship, use case validation Per agent
Security / CISO Threat monitoring, incident response Zone 3

How the Layers Interact

  1. Policy enables Process — Technical controls automate workflow enforcement
  2. Process guides People — Defined procedures clarify responsibilities
  3. People inform Policy — Human judgment shapes control configuration

FSI Note

In regulated environments, all three layers must be documented and auditable. Examiners expect evidence of policy configuration, process execution, and role assignment.


Governance Maturity Levels

Each control supports three implementation levels:

Level Name Description Typical Use
Level 1 Baseline Minimum required implementation Initial deployment, Zone 1
Level 2-3 Recommended Best practice implementation Zone 2, most production agents
Level 4 Regulated/High-Risk Comprehensive controls Zone 3, customer-facing agents

Maturity Assessment

For compliance tracking, use the 5-point maturity scale: Level 0 (Not implemented), Level 1 (Baseline), Level 2-3 (Recommended), Level 4 (Regulated). See FAQ for percentages.

Control Implementation Approach

  1. Assess — Current state vs. required level
  2. Implement — Follow playbook guidance
  3. Verify — Use verification procedures
  4. Document — Record evidence for audit
  5. Review — Schedule recurring reviews

Integration with Existing Governance

This framework is designed to complement, not replace existing enterprise governance programs:

  • Integrate controls with your existing IT risk management framework
  • Align with enterprise information security policies
  • Coordinate with records retention and eDiscovery requirements
  • Map to your organization's internal audit program

Note

Organizations should validate all controls against their specific regulatory obligations and existing policy frameworks.


Framework Documentation Structure

Three-Layer Architecture

Layer Audience Update Frequency Content
Framework (this layer) Executives, compliance, governance 1-2x per year Principles, zones, regulatory context
Control Catalog Compliance officers, architects Quarterly Control objectives, requirements
Playbooks Platform teams, operations Continuous Portal steps, scripts, screenshots

For Governance Questions:

For Control Requirements:

For Implementation:


Quick Reference

Getting Started

  1. Read Executive Summary (10 minutes)
  2. Review Zones and Tiers to classify agents (15 minutes)
  3. Check Regulatory Framework for applicable regulations (10 minutes)

For Implementation

  1. Use the Adoption Roadmap for phased approach
  2. Reference Control Catalog for requirements
  3. Follow Playbooks for step-by-step procedures
  4. Schedule reviews per Governance Cadence

For Governance

  1. Use the Operating Model for roles and responsibilities
  2. Establish governance committee per Zones and Tiers
  3. Schedule recurring compliance reviews
  4. Track incidents per playbook procedures

FSI Agent Governance Framework v1.2.51 - February 2026